Vocabulary Builder – Olympics

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Közeleg az olimpia, nézzünk át egy gyors olimpiai szókincsfejlesztő feladatot! 

In this lesson you are going to learn some general words and expressions to be able to talk about the Olympics as well as specific vocabulary for summer and winter sports.

One tradition at the beginning of the Olympic Games is bringing the Olympic torch through the host city – the city where the Games will be held – to light the flame at the arena.

The general word for someone who does sports is an athlete. Olympic athletes train with the best coaches from the world. A coach/trainer is someone who teaches/trains athletes.

Some Olympic sports are team sports. The word for the other people on your team is teammates.

Olympic athletes compete for the gold, silver and bronze medals and a person who wins is called a medallist. During the medal ceremony each medallist stands on a podium and the national anthem, the official national song of the gold medallist’s country is played. When a particular team is expected to win they are called the favourite and someone who has a disadvantage or who is not expected to win is called the underdog. But sometimes the underdog manages to pull off a surprise victory.

If an athlete performs better at an event than anyone else in history he sets a new world record. The Olympics gives a chance to demonstrate good sportsmanship. That’s a person’s behaviour and attitude while participating in sports. Especially fair play and courtesy. An example of good sportsmanship is an athlete who lost congratulating the winners. An example of poor sportsmanship is screaming and cursing after a defeat. Unfortunately some athletes resort to doping, using drugs to improve athletic performance which is not allowed. If it’s discovered the athlete isdisqualified and removed from the competition. Olympic athletes should remember that they are role models, examples that many people – especially young people – observe and imitate.

In addition to the Olympics there are also the Paralympics for athletes with disabilities.

Let’s learn some specific vocabulary for the summer and winter Olympics.

Winter Olympics

Two sports that involve snow are skiing and snowboarding. There are actually two types of skiing, Alpine skiing, more commonly called downhill skiing, is done on a slope or an incline whereas Nordic skiing more commonly called cross-country skiing is done on a flat surface. In freestyle skiing or ski jumping the skier goes downhill to pick up speed then goes off a ramp and flies to the air.

In bobsled two or four people race down on an icy track on a sled. This is the general word for a vehicle that sleds on snow or ice. Luge is similar but it uses a different type of sled with one or two people. And in a sport called skeleton the athlete lies face-down on a sled and goes down the track head-first.

Three sports that are done on an ice rink are speed skating, figure skating and ice hockey. Speed skating is a race, a competition where the fastest athlete wins. In figure skating the skaters perform artistic jumps and spins and in ice hockey each team uses their sticks to get the puck into the goal.

Summer Olympic sports

Athletics or track and field is a general category that includes many different kinds of events, sprints, running short distances very fast, hurdles, jumping over barriers, relay races in which the runners hand off a baton to a teammate continuing the race.

As well as jumping and throwing events such as the pole vault, discus throw and more, gymnastics is another general category. It involves acrobatic events such as the balance beam, the uneven bars, the vault and the rings. Gymnasts also do a floor routine in which they perform various flips jumping and turning in the air.

Three sports done in the swimming pool are diving, water polo and synchronized swimming. And there are many outdoor water sports such as rowing and sailing. A few more interesting sports in the summer Olympics are archery, shooting at a target with a bow and arrow, equestrian, which is the art of horseback riding and fencing, the sport of fighting with swords.  

Vocabulary

torch

fáklya

flame

láng

athlete

sportoló

coach

edző

teammate

csapattárs

to compete

versenyezni

gold

arany

silver

ezüst

medal

érem

medal ceremony

díjátadó

anthem

himnusz

to have a disadvantage

hátrányban lenni

to expect

valamit várni

underdog

esélytelen fél

to pull off a victory

sikerül győznie

to perform

teljesíteni

to set a world record

világcsúcsot felállítani

to demonstrate

bemutatni

sportsmanship

sportszerűség

attitude

hozzáállás

courtesy

előzékenység, udvariasság

to congratulate

gratulálni

screaming

kiabálás, üvöltözés

cursing

átkozódás

defeat

vereség

to resort to sg

valamihez folyamodni

doping

doppingolás

drug

gyógyszer, szer

to improve

javítani

to allow sg

megengedni/engedélyezni valamit

to disqualify

diszkvalifikálni, kizárni

competition

verseny

role model

példakép

to observe

megfigyelni

to imitate

utánozni

disability

fogyatékosság

commonly

általában, rendszerint

slope

lejtő

incline

lejtő

flat

lapos, sík

surface

felület, terep

to pick up speed

felgyorsulni

ramp

rézsű

sled

szánkó

luge

ródlizás, szánkózás

face-down

hason

head-first

fejjel előre

ice rink

jégpálya

speed skating

gyorskorcsolyázás

figure skating

műkorcsolyázás

artistic

művészi

spin

forgás

stick

ütő

puck

korong

goal

kapu

sprint

sprint

short distance

rövidtáv

hurdle

akadály

barrier

gát

relay race

váltóverseny

baton

váltóbot

pole vault

rúdugrás

balance beam

gerenda

uneven bars

felemás korlát

rings

gyűrű

diving

műugrás

rowing

evezés

archery

íjászat

target

cél

bow

íj

arrow

nyíl

equestrian

lovaglás

fencing

vívás

sword

kard

 

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